diff --git a/src/pf1e_simulator/combat.py b/src/pf1e_simulator/combat.py
index e9b9394..a701a52 100644
--- a/src/pf1e_simulator/combat.py
+++ b/src/pf1e_simulator/combat.py
@@ -1316,6 +1316,14 @@ class CombatEngine:
         self._move_aoo_provoked: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
         self._initiative_keys: dict[str, tuple[float, int, int]] = {}
         self._pending_summons: list[CombatantState] = []
+        # Occurrence counts per combatant id, seeded from the deployed roster:
+        # summons disambiguate duplicate creature ids exactly the way
+        # build_states does (first keeps the bare id, later ones get -2, -3...),
+        # so each summoned creature owns a distinct stats slot.
+        self._id_counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        for st in states:
+            base = st.combatant.id
+            self._id_counts[base] = self._id_counts.get(base, 0) + 1
         # True while the surprise round runs (SRD "Surprise"): the turn filter
         # then degrades every aware combatant's sequence to a single standard
         # OR move action plus free actions.
@@ -7733,6 +7741,21 @@ class CombatEngine:
         return effect
 
 
+    def _disambiguated_summon_id(self, combatant: Combatant) -> Combatant:
+        """Give a summoned creature a unique id, mirroring build_states.
+
+        The first occurrence of a creature id keeps the bare name; later ones
+        get -2, -3... suffixes. Without this, two summons of the same creature
+        share one _stats slot and their attrition merges (and the second
+        summon resets the first one's counters).
+        """
+        base = combatant.id
+        count = self._id_counts.get(base, 0) + 1
+        self._id_counts[base] = count
+        if count == 1:
+            return combatant
+        return combatant.model_copy(update={"id": f"{base}-{count}"})
+
     def _apply_summon_effect(
         self,
         effect: SummonEffect,
@@ -7755,6 +7778,7 @@ class CombatEngine:
             summoned_combatant = load_combatant(Path(effect.creature))
         except CombatantLoadError:
             return f"summon failed: could not load {effect.creature}"
+        summoned_combatant = self._disambiguated_summon_id(summoned_combatant)
 
         # Find a valid adjacent position for the summoned creature
         center = state.pos
diff --git a/src/pf1e_simulator/runner.py b/src/pf1e_simulator/runner.py
index 7b3d87c..a978d60 100644
--- a/src/pf1e_simulator/runner.py
+++ b/src/pf1e_simulator/runner.py
@@ -196,9 +196,10 @@ def run_encounter(
     # Accumulate whatever ids the engine reports: summoned creatures act in the
     # battle and appear in result.stats, so seeding from the initial states
     # only would KeyError on them. Ids seen for the first time get a fresh
-    # accumulator. Known limitation: two summons of the same creature id share
-    # one engine stats slot (the engine keys _LiveStats by id), so their
-    # attrition is merged, not split.
+    # accumulator. Duplicate summons of the same creature are disambiguated by
+    # the engine the same way build_states does (celestial_wolf,
+    # celestial_wolf-2, ...), so each summoned creature owns its own slot and
+    # their attrition is split, not merged.
     totals: dict[str, CombatantStats] = {}
     transcript: tuple[str, ...] | None = None
     for index in range(runs):
diff --git a/tests/test_runner.py b/tests/test_runner.py
index b943898..47dafcd 100644
--- a/tests/test_runner.py
+++ b/tests/test_runner.py
@@ -269,3 +269,30 @@ def test_run_encounter_with_summon_aggregates_summoned_ids() -> None:
     wolf = report.attrition["celestial_wolf"]
     assert wolf.damage_dealt >= 0.0
     assert report.wins["players"] + report.wins["monsters"] + report.draws == 5
+
+
+def test_run_encounter_splits_duplicate_summons() -> None:
+    """Two summons of the same creature no longer share one stats slot: the
+    engine disambiguates ids the way build_states does, and the aggregation
+    reports each summoned creature separately.
+
+    The summoning policy casts every round while slots remain, so a level-3
+    caster (1 round/level duration) raises at least two concurrent wolves; the
+    second is celestial_wolf-2. Before the fix both merged into one slot.
+    """
+    spec = EncounterSpec(
+        map=make_map(),
+        sides=(
+            Side(name="players", combatants=(_make_runner_caster(),), zone="A"),
+            Side(
+                name="monsters",
+                combatants=(make_combatant("gob", hp=30, speed=0),),
+                zone="B",
+            ),
+        ),
+        round_cap=10,
+    )
+    report = run_encounter(spec, runs=1, seed=11, policy=_summoning_policy)
+    assert "celestial_wolf" in report.attrition
+    assert "celestial_wolf-2" in report.attrition
+    assert report.attrition["celestial_wolf-2"].damage_dealt >= 0.0
diff --git a/tests/test_summoning.py b/tests/test_summoning.py
index 4b5e6d8..64dace5 100644
--- a/tests/test_summoning.py
+++ b/tests/test_summoning.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from pf1e_simulator.models import (
     DamageComponent,
     Saves,
 )
-from pf1e_simulator.rng import SeededRng
+from pf1e_simulator.rng import ScriptedRng, SeededRng
 from pf1e_simulator.spells import SPELLS_DIR, SpellSpec, SummonEffect, load_spell
 
 
@@ -337,6 +337,79 @@ class TestSummonDurationScalesWithCasterLevel:
             assert effect.duration_rounds_per_level == 1
 
 
+class TestDuplicateSummonIds:
+    """Given: a caster with two slots casting the same summon twice
+    When:  both summons resolve
+    Then:  the second creature gets a build_states-style disambiguated id
+    (celestial_wolf, celestial_wolf-2) and its own stats slot, so attrition
+    never merges (or resets) between two summons of the same creature."""
+
+    def _engine_with_two_wolves(self) -> tuple[CombatEngine, list[CombatantState]]:
+        caster = _make_caster()
+        enemy = _make_enemy()
+        c = CombatantState(combatant=caster, side="players", pos=(0, 0), hp=caster.hp_max)
+        e = CombatantState(combatant=enemy, side="monsters", pos=(5, 0), hp=enemy.hp_max)
+        legend = {".": TerrainType(type="floor", move_cost=1)}
+        spec = MapSpec(name="test", terrain=tuple(["." * 12] * 12), legend=legend)
+        reg = {"Summon Monster II": _make_summon_spell(duration_rounds=5)}
+        engine = CombatEngine(
+            SeededRng(1), Grid.from_spec(spec), [c, e], spell_registry=reg
+        )
+        engine._cast_spell(c, e, "Summon Monster II")
+        engine._cast_spell(c, e, "Summon Monster II")
+        wolves = [
+            s for s in engine._states if s.combatant.id.startswith("celestial_wolf")
+        ]
+        return engine, wolves
+
+    def test_second_summon_id_is_disambiguated(self) -> None:
+        # Given/When: the same creature is summoned twice
+        # Then: ids follow the build_states convention (bare, then -2).
+        _, wolves = self._engine_with_two_wolves()
+        # Each new summon is inserted right after the caster, so the roster
+        # order is newest-first; compare ids as a set.
+        assert {s.combatant.id for s in wolves} == {"celestial_wolf", "celestial_wolf-2"}
+        assert wolves[0] is not wolves[1]
+
+    def test_each_summon_owns_a_distinct_stats_slot(self) -> None:
+        # Given: two summons of the same creature
+        # Then: each owns its own _LiveStats slot (the pre-fix engine reset
+        # the shared slot on the second summon, wiping the first one's rows).
+        engine, _ = self._engine_with_two_wolves()
+        assert engine._stats["celestial_wolf"] is not engine._stats["celestial_wolf-2"]
+
+    def test_damage_to_the_second_summon_does_not_merge(self) -> None:
+        # Given: two summoned wolves
+        # When:  a scripted hit lands on the second wolf only
+        # Then:  the damage is booked to celestial_wolf-2's slot, leaving the
+        # first wolf's counters untouched (no shared-slot merge).
+        caster = _make_caster()
+        enemy = _make_enemy()
+        c = CombatantState(combatant=caster, side="players", pos=(0, 0), hp=caster.hp_max)
+        e = CombatantState(combatant=enemy, side="monsters", pos=(5, 0), hp=enemy.hp_max)
+        legend = {".": TerrainType(type="floor", move_cost=1)}
+        spec = MapSpec(name="test", terrain=tuple(["." * 12] * 12), legend=legend)
+        reg = {"Summon Monster II": _make_summon_spell(duration_rounds=5)}
+        engine = CombatEngine(
+            SeededRng(1), Grid.from_spec(spec), [c, e], spell_registry=reg
+        )
+        engine._cast_spell(c, e, "Summon Monster II")
+        engine._cast_spell(c, e, "Summon Monster II")
+        wolves = [
+            s for s in engine._states if s.combatant.id.startswith("celestial_wolf")
+        ]
+        second = next(s for s in wolves if s.combatant.id == "celestial_wolf-2")
+        hp_before = second.hp
+        # d20=15 + attack_bonus 1 = 16 >= AC 14 -> hit; 1d6=6 - DR 5/magic = 1.
+        engine._rng = ScriptedRng([15, 6])
+        # _resolve_swing is the combat path that books the stats slots.
+        engine._resolve_swing(e, second, enemy.attacks[0], label="club")
+        dealt = hp_before - second.hp
+        assert dealt > 0
+        assert engine._stats["celestial_wolf-2"].damage_taken == dealt
+        assert engine._stats["celestial_wolf"].damage_taken == 0
+
+
 class TestExtendSpellOnSummon:
     """SRD feats/extend-spell.md: "An extended spell lasts twice as long as
     normal. A spell with a duration of concentration, instantaneous, or